By Angel Johansen, Certified Cannabis Specialist

Not all cannabinoids are part of the mainstream conversation, but some of the lesser-known ones may be doing some of the most interesting work. In fact, some of the most promising developments in Cannabis aren't coming from the usual names. Quietly, cannabinoids like CBG (cannabigerol) and CBGA (cannabigerolic acid) are stepping into the spotlight, offering new possibilities for everyday wellness and clinical care.

While THC and CBD have long dominated Cannabis discussions, both in public circles and clinical research, these two lesser-known compounds are beginning to stand out as meaningful players. Whether you’re a health-conscious consumer or a medical professional curious about Cannabis therapeutics, CBG and CBGA deserve a closer look.

Understanding the Basics: What Are CBG and CBGA?

CBGA is often referred to as the “mother cannabinoid.” It’s the first major cannabinoid that the Cannabis plant produces, and it's the precursor to other primary compounds like THCA (tetrahydrocannabinolic acid), CBDA (cannabidiolic acid), and CBCA (cannabichromenic acid). 

In the early stages of the plant's growth, CBGA is enzymatically converted into these other cannabinoid acids. When exposed to heat (via drying, vaping, or cooking), these acidic cannabinoids undergo decarboxylation, turning into the active forms we know, THC, CBD, CBC, and, in some cases, CBG.

CBG itself is a non-intoxicating cannabinoid that interacts with the endocannabinoid system, similar to CBD but with some distinct characteristics. What makes it unique is that it appears to bind with both CB1 and CB2 receptors, which may allow it to influence a broader range of physiological responses.

CBGA is synthesized in the trichomes of the Cannabis plant and plays a foundational role in cannabinoid biosynthesis (1).

Why CBG and CBGA Matter

Though these cannabinoids exist in small concentrations, typically less than 1% in most Cannabis strains, researchers are beginning to uncover their wide-ranging therapeutic potential.

Neuroprotective Potential

One of the most promising areas of CBG research is neurological health. It’s currently being explored for its potential role in managing Huntington’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s disease, as well as conditions related to nerve pain, neuroinflammation, and epilepsy. While most of the studies are still in early stages, researchers are paying close attention to how CBG may support and protect the nervous system (2).

Antibacterial Properties

CBG has shown strong antibacterial activity, particularly against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), a form of antibiotic-resistant bacteria that is notoriously difficult to treat. This property has led researchers to explore its use as a potential adjunct or alternative to traditional antibiotics (3).

Digestive and Inflammatory Support

Another area of interest is CBG’s effect on inflammation, particularly in the digestive tract. In animal studies, CBG has shown promise in reducing symptoms of colitis, suggesting a potential role in managing inflammatory bowel conditions (IBS) (4).

Metabolic and Cellular Health

CBG is still in the early stages of research, but interest is growing around how it might support key areas of metabolic health. Early studies, mostly focused on CBG and its derivatives, suggest potential benefits in helping:

• Regulate blood sugar
• Reduce oxidative stress
• Support fat metabolism

There’s also some early evidence that it may play a role in appetite control and weight management, especially in relation to conditions like metabolic syndrome. While more research is definitely needed, CBGA is starting to gain attention for its possible role in supporting healthier metabolism and reducing chronic inflammation (5).

Why Aren’t We Hearing More About These Cannabinoids?

Despite their potential, CBG and CBGA remain underrepresented in both public discourse and clinical use. Here’s why:

• Low natural abundance: Most Cannabis plants produce very small amounts of CBG, making it more expensive and less accessible to extract.
• Research lag: THC and CBD received the lion’s share of funding and public interest for decades. As a result, less-studied cannabinoids like CBG and CBGA are only now being explored in depth.
• Legal and regulatory constraints: Until recently, federal restrictions limited research on cannabinoids in general, particularly those not classified as THC or CBD (6).

Fortunately, this is starting to change. Advances in selective breeding, genetic modification, and biotech-driven cultivation are making CBG-rich Cannabis varieties more available. At the same time, academic and clinical interest is rising (7).

Implications for Healthcare and Wellness

While we’re still in the early stages of understanding the full clinical potential of CBG and CBGA, these compounds represent an exciting frontier in Cannabis research, especially for conditions related to inflammation, bacterial resistance, and neurological health.

For medical professionals, this is a valuable opportunity to stay ahead of emerging cannabinoid research. Incorporating cannabinoids like CBG into future therapeutic models could provide patients with more targeted, non-intoxicating alternatives or complements to existing treatments.

For patients and wellness seekers, products containing CBG are already appearing in the form of oils, capsules, and topicals, often marketed for focus, calm, and gut support. As with any supplement, formulation quality and transparency remain key.

Personally, I’ve found CBG to be a reliable part of my wellness toolkit. I’m at a stage in life where I often want symptom relief without any intoxicating effects. Years ago, I had a steroid injection that helped relieve the pain from sciatica, but even now, I still experience muscle spasms in my leg. CBG has helped manage those spasms. I also incorporate it into the tinctures I make for daily use, during the day to support focus and relaxation, and at night to ease anxiety and settle my racing thoughts. The difference in my quality of sleep has been noticeable.

Final Thoughts

While we’re still learning, the current data suggest that these cannabinoids are not just scientific curiosities; they're practical, promising, and increasingly relevant.

CBG and CBGA may not be as well-known as THC or CBD, but their role in the plant and potentially in the body is far from minor. As new research continues to emerge, these compounds could become valuable tools in integrative medicine and everyday wellness strategies.

References

1. Mendiguren, Aitziber, et al. “Cannabigerol Modulates Α2-Adrenoceptor and 5-HT1A Receptor-Mediated Electrophysiological Effects on Dorsal Raphe Nucleus and Locus Coeruleus Neurons and Anxiety Behavior in Rat.” Frontiers, Frontiers, 24 May 2023, doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2023.1183019. 

2. Basavarajappa, Balapal S, and Shivakumar Subbanna. “Unveiling the Potential of Phytocannabinoids: Exploring Marijuana's Lesser-Known Constituents for Neurological Disorders.” Biomolecules vol. 14,10 1296. 13 Oct. 2024, doi:10.3390/biom14101296

3. Klahn, Philipp. “Cannabinoids-Promising Antimicrobial Drugs orIntoxicants with Benefits?.” Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) vol. 9,6 297. 2 Jun. 2020, doi:10.3390/antibiotics9060297

4. Anderson, Benjamin D et al. “High Cannabigerol Hemp Extract Moderates Colitis and Modulates the Microbiome in an Inflammatory Bowel Disease Model.” The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics vol. 390,3 331-341. 19 Aug. 2024, doi:10.1124/jpet.124.002204

5. Li, Shijia et al. “Cannabigerol (CBG): A Comprehensive Review of Its Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential.” Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) vol. 29,22 5471. 20 Nov. 2024, doi:10.3390/molecules29225471

6. Ziva D Cooper, Donald I Abrams, Steven Gust, Alejandro Salicrup, Douglas C Throckmorton, Challenges for Clinical Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research in the United States, JNCI Monographs, Volume 2021, Issue 58, December 2021, Pages 114–122, https://doi.org/10.1093/jncimonographs/lgab009

7. Nachnani, Rahul, Raup-Konsavage, Wesley M, Vrana, Kent E, 2021/02/01, doi: 10.1124/jpet.120.000340,10.1124/jpet.120.000340, The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 204 - 212 VL - 376 IS - 2, PB - Elsevier SN - 0022-3565,  doi: 10.1124/jpet.120.000340,
https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.120.000340, 

About Angel Johansen:

Angel Johansen, a compassionate Cannabis educator, specializes in empowering women on their journey toward intimacy and embracing the wisdom that accompanies age. With a passion for creating safe spaces and fostering a sense of community, Angel guides women through the nuanced landscape of Cannabis, offering knowledge, support, and a deep understanding of their unique experiences. Her mission is to lead women into their wise years with grace, ensuring they navigate the realms of intimacy and Cannabis with confidence, informed choices, and a profound sense of connection.

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Effective Cannabis Newsletter is a platform to educate on the vital role of the Endocannabinoid System (ECS) in one's health. The information is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. All content, including text, graphics, images, and information, contained in or available through this newsletter is for general information purposes only. It is not medical advice; it is health awareness.